Separation and Purification of Taiwan Marine Algae Lectin

Resumen

Lectins exist in different organisms and have the ability to agglutinate red blood
cells and other normal or deformed cells. They are often used in the research of cell
surface cancer identifiers. In this thesis, a total of 30 marine macroalgae collected from
the coast of Taiwan and isolated and cultivated marine microalgae were tested for
agglutination activity. As a result, those with high vitality were separated and purified.
The crude seaweed extract was extracted with phosphate buffer and 20% ethanol to
detect the agglutination activity of the red blood cells of human blood types A, B, O,
AB, patients with agglutination defects, and rats, sheep and monkeys. The results
showed that the red algae Eucheuma, the green algae Ulva sphaeroides and the brown
algae Sargassum serrata have a higher agglutinating power value of 212 titer, while the
red algae asparagus has a lower agglutination power value but is resistant Type B
activity. Microalgae generally have a higher cohesion value, up to 226 titer. Green algae,
blue-green algae, golden algae and red algae have extremely high agglutinating power.
After 6-12 months of storage at 4℃ and -20℃, the activity of the seaweed extract is
significantly reduced. Take Eucheuma Sawtooth as an example, the suitable time for
enzyme action is 2~6 hours. It maintains its original activity at 45 ℃, but it is not a
high-temperature resistant species. The protein content of Eucheuma Serrata lectin
(ESA) separated and purified by DEAE Column is 10.2 mg per 1 g of dry weight. The
molecular weight of the algal lectin obtained by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was
29,000. During the screening process, a special species of Arthrobacter serrata with
toxic protein hemolysis was also isolated and purified. It can kill cells and has a
molecular weight of 26,000 Kda. The results of sugar inhibition test showed that the
lectin has affinity for many monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. . For the screening
of anti-cancer species from the plant lectins, similar anti-cancer algae strains have not
been found from the Western blotting method. It is hoped that screening, separation and
purification can be continued to obtain high-yield and refined lectins. So that Taiwan's
algae agglutinin can be added to medicine, biomedicine, health food, beauty cosmetics,
and new biotechnology products to be used; it benefits the health of all mankind!